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1.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 30(1): 48-55, 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1005580

ABSTRACT

Medical literature shows that the co-infection of syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is increasing dramatically worldwide. HIV infection and syphilis have a synergistic relationship. Syphilis increases the risk of HIV transmission and acquisition, while HIV affects the presentation, diagnosis, progression and response to syphilis treatment. The diagnosis of syphilis is made with a non-treponemal reactive test (VDRL or RPR) confirmed with a treponemal test (FTA-ABS or MHA-TP). The opportune diagnosis of neurosyphilis is essential, particularly in the asymptomatic stages, given the high risk of serious sequels and lethality. All patients co-infected with HIV and syphilis with neurological symptoms must be studied with PL and other complementary tests. There is controversy about when to perform a lumbar puncture in co-infected patients who do not have neurological symptoms. However, there is consensus that a CD4 count lower than 350/µl or RPR title greater than 1/32 has indication for the study of cerebrospinal fluid. Therapy with penicillin G in high doses is the treatment of choice, in addition to clinical and serological follow-up that must be done to these patients. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , HIV Infections/diagnosis , Neurosyphilis/diagnosis , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/therapy , Neurosyphilis/complications , Neurosyphilis/therapy
2.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 76(6): 373-380, June 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950550

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background During the first decade of this century, a significant increase in the incidence of syphilis was documented. Objective To study clinical and laboratory characteristics of central nervous system and ocular syphilis. Methods A retrospective case series of 13 patients with a clinical and laboratory diagnosis of neurosyphilis and/or ocular syphilis who had been admitted to the Neurology and Neuro-ophthalmology Service of the Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná. Results Nine patients had a diagnosis of neurosyphilis and two of them also had ocular syphilis. Four patients had a diagnosis of ocular syphilis alone. Among the patients with a diagnosis of neurosyphilis, six had symptomatic syphilitic meningitis, of whom one manifested as cranial nerve palsy alone, one as cranial nerve palsy plus ocular syphilis, two as transverse myelitis (syphilitic meningomyelitis), one as meningitis worsening the patient's myasthenia gravis symptoms and one as meningitis plus ocular syphilis. Additionally, we diagnosed three patients with meningovascular neurosyphilis. In the univariate analysis, patients without ocular syphilis showed greater levels of total protein and white blood cells in the cerebrospinal fluid than patients with ocular syphilis. Conclusion This Brazilian case series of patients with neurosyphilis and ocular syphilis highlights the wide variability of this disease. A high degree of diagnostic suspicion is necessary when facing neurological and ocular symptoms for rapid diagnosis and appropriate management of patients.


RESUMO Introdução Na primeira década deste século observou-se um aumento significativo da incidência de sífilis no mundo. Objetivo Estudar características clínicas e laboratoriais da sífilis no Sistema Nervoso Central e da sífilis ocular. Métodos Estudou-se, retrospectivamente, uma série de treze casos com diagnóstico clínico e laboratorial de neurossífilis e/ou sífilis ocular, admitidos aos Serviços de Neurologia ou Neuroftalmologia do Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná. Resultados Nove pacientes tiveram diagnóstico de neurosífilis e dois destes apresentaram concomitantemente sífilis ocular. Quatro pacientes tiveram somente o diagnóstico de sífilis ocular. Dos pacientes com diagnóstico de neurosífilis, seis apresentaram meningite sifilítica sintomática, dentre os quais um se apresentou com paralisia isolada de par craniano, um com paralisia de par craniano associada sífilis ocular, dois com mielite transversa (manifestação de meningomielite), um com meningite que agravou sintomas de Miastenia Gravis e um com meningite isolada associada a sífilis ocular. Houve 3 casos de neurosífilis meningovascular. Na análise univariada, pacientes sem manifestações oculares de sífilis apresentaram maiores níveis proteína total e leucócitos do que os pacientes com sífilis ocular. Conclusão Essa série brasileira de casos de pacientes com neurosífilis e sífilis ocular destaca a alta variabilidade clínica desta doença. Alto grau de suspeição diagnóstica é necessário quando em frente a sintomas neurológicos e oculares para rápido diagnóstico e adequado manejo dos pacientes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Eye Infections, Bacterial/diagnosis , Neurosyphilis/diagnosis , Syphilis Serodiagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Fluorescein Angiography , Eye Infections, Bacterial/complications , Eye Infections, Bacterial/cerebrospinal fluid , Retrospective Studies , Neurosyphilis/complications , Neurosyphilis/cerebrospinal fluid
3.
Rev. bras. neurol ; 50(1): 4-7, jan.-mar. 2014. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-712077

ABSTRACT

Syphilis became a rare cause of dementia in the present days. Screeningtests for syphilis are no longer recommended according to 2001.American Academy of Neurology guidelines. On the other hand, as itmay represent a potentially treatable cause in developing countries,the Academia Brasileira de Neurologia recommends laboratory screeningfor syphilis in patients with dementia. The diagnosis of neurosyphilisis established with basis on the clinical setting, along withtreponemal and non-treponemal serum antibodies, and cerebrospinalfluid pattern. Magnetic resonance imaging generally reveals cortical atrophy. Focal signs in the temporal lobes are rarely seen. A case of a young man diagnosed with neurosyphilis is presented, on the basis of neuropsychiatric symptoms, uncommon pupillary changes (Adie's tonic pupil), CSF with positive FTA-abs, and increased IgG index, and additionally mesial temporal lobes hypersignal changes.


Considera-se neurossífilis uma causa rara de demência atualmente.Testes para investigação de sífilis não são mais recomendados deacordo com as orientações da Academia Americana de Neurologia,de 2001. Por outro lado, como pode representar uma causa potencialmente tratável, a Academia Brasileira de Neurologia recomendaa investigação de sífilis em pacientes com demência. O diagnósticode neurossífilis é estabelecido pelo quadro clínico em associaçãocom anticorpos treponêmicos e não treponêmicos, e exame de LCR.Ressonância magnética revela, em geral, atrofia cortical. Presençasde sinais focais em lobos temporais são consideradas raras. É apresentado caso de homem jovem com diagnóstico de neurossífilis combase nas manifestações neuropsiquiátricas, alteração incomum aoexame pupilar (pupila de tônica de Adie), LCR com FTA-abs positivoe índice de IgG elevado, e ainda hipersinal nos lobos temporais mesiais.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Tonic Pupil/etiology , Dementia/etiology , Neurosyphilis/complications , Neurosyphilis/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Cerebrum/diagnostic imaging
4.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 51(3): 191-197, set. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-695745

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La parálisis general se debe a la lesión tardía y degenerativa de la sustancia gris cerebral por el Treponema pallidum, caracterizada por demencia, signos oculares, neurológicos y humorales. Es frecuente su comienzo con manifestaciones delictuales. Caso clínico: Describimos el caso de un paciente de 61 años, masculino, sin antecedentes. Ingresa para comprobar imputabilidad (asesinó a su primo); atento, vigil, desorientado, disártrico, musita, pensamiento detallista y concreto. No sabe causa de acusación ni argumenta en su defensa; sin productividad psicótica. Signos vitales estables, exámenes de laboratorio normales. Se ingresa con diagnóstico de deterioro psicoorgánico. Se maneja con clorpromazina 12,5 mg en la mañana, tarde y 50 mg noche. Evoluciona con temblor, rigidez, enlentecimiento, alucinaciones visuales, auditivas y soliloquios. Por sospecha de impregnación se suspende la clorpromazina, se solicitan exámenes y se evaluó por neurólogo. Inatento, apráxico, marcha con aumento de base de sustentación, adiadococinesia, dismetría, Romberg (+) y pupilas de Argyll Robertson. VDRL de 1/512 sérico y 1/8 en el LCR. Se diagnostica parálisis general neurosifilítica. Se maneja con penicilina G acuosa 6 millones UI c/ 6 h IV por 14 días y olanzapina 20 mg c/noche con respuesta parcial. Conclusión: La parálisis general es poco frecuente pero debe ser sospechada en pacientes de edad media con demencia y signos característicos neuro-oculares.


Introduction: General Paresis is caused by a late and degenerative injury by Treponema pallidum to cerebral grey matter, characterized by dementia, as well as ocular, neurological, and mood changes. It generally first manifests in criminal activity. Clinical case: We describe the case of a 61-year-old male patient, with no past medical history. Admitted to prove imputability (he assasinated his cousin). Attentive, alert, disoriented. Dysarthria and murmured speech. Highly detailed and concrete thinking. He does not know the cause of the accusation, and he does not argue in his defense neither. No psychotic symptoms. Stable vital signs and normal laboratory exams. Admitted with a diagnosis of psycho-organic deterioration. Controlled with clorpromazine 12.5 mg BID and 50 mg/night. Evolution with tremor, rigidity, slowing. Visual and auditory hallucinations and soliloquy. On suspicion of neuroleptic impregnation we discontinue clorpromazina. Laboratory tests and neurologist evaluationare requested. Inattentive, apraxia, adiadochokinesia, dysmetria, Romberg (+) and Argyll Robertson pupils. Serum VDRL 1/512 and CSF1/8. Diagnose general paresis (neurospyhilisis). Treatment with aqueous penicillin G 6 million Ul every 6 hours IV for 14 days and olanzapine 20 mg every night with partial response. Conclusion: General paresis is infrequent but should be suspected in middle-aged patients with dementia and characteristic neuro-ocular signs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Dementia , Neurosyphilis/complications , Neurosyphilis/diagnosis , Neuropsychiatry , Neurosyphilis/psychology , Paresis
5.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 73(1): 33-38, abr. 2013. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-679040

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) y el Treponema pallidum comparten mecanismos de transmisión y tienen la potencialidad de cambiar el curso de la otra enfermedad. Entre el 1% y 13% de los pacientes infectados con VIH presentan serología positiva para sífilis o desarrollan la enfermedad durante la evolución. Ambas pueden causar un variado número de alteraciones cocleovestibulares. Objetivo: Describir los hallazgos otoneurológicos en pacientes infectados con VIH y con presentación de neurosífilis durante la evolución de su enfermedad. Material y método: Estudio transversal observacional en 10 pacientes VIH positivos con episodios de neurosífilis de la Unidad de Infectología del Hospital Sótero del Río. Se realizó consulta otorrinolaringológica y examen funcional del octavo par con video-óculo-nistagmografía. Resultados: Sesenta por ciento de los pacientes infectados con VIH y neurosífilis presentó síntomas cocleovestibulares, de los cuales todos presentaron alteraciones audiométricas, 50%% de la muestra, además, presentó alteraciones vestibulares de características periféricas. El síntoma más frecuente fue la hipoacusia (50%%). La alteración audiométrica más frecuente fue la hipoacusia sensorioneural bilateral asimétrica. No se observó predominancia de algún tipo de alteración vestibular. Ningún paciente presentó alteraciones centrales. Conclusión: La evaluación otorrinolaringológica debiera considerarse como de rutina para disminuir la discapacidad generada por patología otoneurológica en estos pacientes.


Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Treponema pallidum share transmission mechanisms and have the potentiality of changing one another courses. Between 1 and 13%% of HIV infected patients present positive serology for syphilis or develop this disease during the evolution of the HIV. Both can cause a wide range of cochleovestibular manifestations. Aim: To describe otoneurological findings in HIV patients with episodes of neurosyphilis during the course of the disease. Material and method: Observational transversal study with 10 HIVpositive patients with episodes of neurosyphilis registered in the Infectology Unit of Sótero del Río Hospital. They went under otolaryngologic consult and functional testing of vestibulochoclear nerve with videonystagmography. Results: 60%% of evaluated patients had cochleovestibular symptoms, all of them with audiometric alterations. 50% of the sample also showed vestibular abnormalities (peripheral disorders). The commonest symptom was hearing loss (50%%). The most frequent audiometric alteration was asymmetric bilateral neurosensorial hearing loss. We did not observe any kind of vestibular variation predominance. No patient presented central vestibular disease. Conclusions: The otolaryngologic evaluation should be considered as a routine exam to diminish the disability generated in these patients because of the acquired otoneurological disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Cochlear Diseases/virology , HIV Infections/complications , Vestibular Diseases/virology , Neurosyphilis/complications , Audiometry , Tinnitus , Vestibular Function Tests , Cochlear Diseases/physiopathology , Vestibular Diseases/physiopathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Ear Diseases/virology , Coinfection , Observational Study , Hearing Loss
6.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 140(5): 625-628, mayo 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-648589

ABSTRACT

We report five male patients, aged 35 to 63 years who suffered from paretic neurosyphilis. The clinical course was that of a subacute dementia with a frontal syndrome, with more apathy than euphoria. All were HIV negative and four were heterosexual. In all, the cerebrospinal fluid had a mononuclear pleocytosis and a positive VDRL. EEG was abnormal in the 3 cases in whom it was performed. One patient in whom a brain angiography was performed, had images of vasculitis. Treatment with 18-24 million units of penicillin per day during two weeks or more, was partially effective.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Dementia , Neurosyphilis , Dementia/complications , HIV Seronegativity , Neurosyphilis/complications , Neurosyphilis/diagnosis , Neurosyphilis/drug therapy , Penicillins/therapeutic use
7.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 32(1): 8-12, ene.-mar. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-639806

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente de 54 años, negativo para VIH, con enfermedad cerebrovascular por trombosis de la arteria basilar, secundaria a neurosífilis meningovascular. La neurosífilis es el compromiso del sistema nervioso central por Treponema pallidum subespecie pallidum en cualquier estadio de la entidad e incluye las formas asintomáticas y sintomáticas de la infección; sus formas de presentación son diversas y dependen de la localización y la extensión de las lesiones. La recomendación actual es el tratamiento con 4 millones de unidades de penicilina cristalina cada 4 horas por 14 días.


Herein a case is described of a 54-years old patient, HIV negative, with cerebro-vascular disease by basilar artery thrombosis secondary to meningovascular neurosyphilis. Neurosyphilis is the impairment at any stage of the central nervous system by Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum and includes asymptomatic and symptomatic forms of infection. The presentation can take many forms, depending on the location and extent of tissue damage. The currently recommended treatment is crystalline penicillin, 4 million units every 4 hours for 14 days.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Meningitis/etiology , Neurosyphilis/complications , Thrombosis/etiology , Vasculitis/etiology , Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency/etiology , Alcoholism/complications , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Combined Modality Therapy , Dysarthria/etiology , Emergencies , Endovascular Procedures , HIV Seronegativity , Hypertension/complications , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Meningitis/drug therapy , Neurosyphilis/drug therapy , Paresis/etiology , Penicillin G/therapeutic use , Stents , Thrombectomy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Thrombosis/drug therapy , Thrombosis , Thrombosis/surgery , Vasculitis/drug therapy , Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency/diagnosis , Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency , Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency/surgery
9.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 49(2): 165-170, 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-597570

ABSTRACT

Neurosyphilis (NS) is caused by the presence of Treponema Pallidum (TP) spirochete within the Central Nervous System (CNS), mainly affecting the meninges and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). 5 percent to 10 percent of untreated syphilitic patients are deemed to develop symptomatic NSÕ. Its incidence and clinical spectrum have changed over the years with prevalence of early clinical stages of meningitic and meningovascular (MV) NS and exceptional occurrence of late clinical stages (tabes dorsalis, general paresis, and gummata) in the age of antibiotics. The case under analysis deals with aggressive MV and concomitant brain gumma (BG) NS. The case subject is a human inmunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative, 44-year-old woman with 2-year symptomatic latency. Her medical record showed recurrent sensorimotor vascular involvement, fast cognitive damage and chronic, daily cephalea. She met clinical diagnosis, cerebrospinal fluid and serologic criteria for NS. Brain computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) reported lenticulostriate artery infarction and bilateral ganglionic syphilitic gummata. She underwent Penicillin G-based treatment, making progress with neurological, cognitive-motor sequelae. Although NS has anticipated and speeded up its several clinical stages in connection with HIV/Syphilis co-infection, the peculiarity of this case is the concurrence of early and late NS manifestations in HIV-seronegative patient. The conclusion is that NS is a disease that still prevails and that appropriate diagnosis and treatment prevent irreversible neurological sequelae.


La Neurosífilis (NS) es causada por la invasión del Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC) por la espiroqueta Treponema Pallidum (TP), afectando primariamente las meninges y líquido cefalorraquídeo. Entre 5 a 10 por ciento de los pacientes sifilíticos no tratados desarrollarán una NS sintomáticaÕ. Su incidencia y espectro clínico ha cambiado a lo largo del tiempo, siendo las formas clínicas precoces meníngea y meningovascular (MV) las más prevalentes. En contraste, las formas tardías (tabes dorsal, parálisis general y gomas) son de ocurrencia excepcional en la era antibiótica. Se analiza un caso de NS menigovascular y gomas cerebrales concomitantes, de curso clínico agresivo. En una mujer de 44 años, seronegativa para virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), con latencia sintomática de dos años. Presentaba una historia de focalidad sensitivo-motor de perfil vascular recurrente, rápido deterioro cognitivo-motor y cefalea crónica diaria. Cumplía criterios diagnósticos clínicos, licuorales y serológicos para NS. La Tomografía computada (TC) y Resonancia Magnética (RM) cerebral mostró infartos arteriolares lentículo-estriados y gomas sifilíticas ganglionares bilaterales. Recibió tratamiento con Penicilina G, evolucionando con secuelas neurológicas cognitivas-motoras. Si bien, la NS actualmente, ha anticipado y acelerado sus diferentes formas clínicas en relación a co-infección VIH/Sífilis. Lo llamativo de este caso, es la presentación concomitante de con manifestaciones precoces y tardías de NS en paciente VIH seronegativo. Se concluye que la NS sigue siendo una enfermedad vigente y su diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno previene secuelas neurológicas irreversibles.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Brain Diseases/complications , Brain Diseases/diagnosis , Meningitis, Bacterial/complications , Meningitis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Neurosyphilis/complications , Neurosyphilis/diagnosis , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Brain Diseases/cerebrospinal fluid , HIV Seronegativity , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Meningitis, Bacterial/cerebrospinal fluid , Neurosyphilis/cerebrospinal fluid , Neurosyphilis/drug therapy , Penicillin G/therapeutic use , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treponema pallidum
10.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 26(6): 540-547, dic. 2009. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-536834

ABSTRACT

Neurosyphilis follows a more aggressive and different clinical course in HIV-infected patients compared to patients with normal immunity. Two historical series of patients with a diagnosis of neurosyphilis between 1995 and 2008 were compared: they included a group of 15 patients with y and 28 patients without HIV infection. Probability of neurosyphilis in patients with positive serum VDRL was increased in patients infected with HIV comparedto HIV negative patients (OR: 62.37 IC:95 percent (32.1-119.1) p value:< 0,001). Predominant clinical manifestations in neurosyphilis in the HIV negative group were ocular abnormality, vascular encephalic and spinal cord lesions. In the HIV positive group, they were fever, ocular abnormalities and headache. There were no differences in cerebrospinal fluid characteristics between both groups. Neurosyphilis was diagnosed even in patients with blood VDRL of < 1:32, that happened in 17.8 percent of the HIV positive patients with blood and in 60 percent of t he HIV negative patients. Penicillin sodium given at dose ¡Ý than 18.000.000 IU/day IV during 14 days was the most common treatment. In patients with clinical neurosyphilis, 93 percent of HIV negative group, and 54.2 percent of HIV positive group had persistent neurological after-effects. Three HIV positive patients died due to causes not related to neurosyphilis.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , HIV Seronegativity , Neurosyphilis/diagnosis , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/complications , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Cohort Studies , Neurosyphilis/complications , Neurosyphilis/drug therapy , Penicillin G Benzathine/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Syphilis Serodiagnosis , Young Adult
11.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 71(5): 717-718, set.-out. 2008. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-497227

ABSTRACT

In this report, we describe an unusual patient with a choreiform movement disorder, misdiagnosed as Huntington disease, who later developed dense vitreitis leading to the identification of Treponema pallidum as the underlying pathogen of both abnormalities.


Neste relato descrevemos um caso infreqüente de um paciente com quadro de distúrbio motor coreiforme diagnosticado equivocadamente como doença de Huntington, o qual posteriormente desenvolveu quadro de intensa vitreíte, possibilitando a identificação do Treponema pallidum como o patógeno causador de ambas anormalidades.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , HIV Infections/complications , Huntington Disease/diagnosis , Neurosyphilis/diagnosis , Optic Neuritis/diagnosis , Treponema pallidum/isolation & purification , Diagnosis, Differential , Neurosyphilis/complications , Optic Neuritis/complications , Optic Neuritis/microbiology
13.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 69(1): 115-118, jan.-fev. 2006.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-420829

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Descrever caso de descolamento de retina bilateral associado a alteracões de comportamento. RESULTADO: Paciente de 62 anos, sexo feminino, apresentou-se com baixa de visão bilateral, progressiva, de 3 meses de duracão, associada a alteracões de comportamento e agitacão psicomotora. Ao exame oftalmológico apresentava acuidade visual de percepcão luminosa em olho direito; e conta dedos a 30 cm em olho esquerdo. A biomicroscopia evidenciou reacão de câmara anterior; à fundoscopia, apresentava edema e hiperemia do disco óptico bilateralmente, áreas extensas de descolamento de retina seroso, placas sub-retinianas amareladas peripapilares e exsudacão sub-retiniana e intra-retiniana em ambos os olhos. O exame sorológico para sífilis foi positivo (FTA-Abs e VDRL). A análise liquórica revelou FTA-Abs e teste de hemaglutinacão indireta positivos. Foi feito, então, diagnóstico de neurossífilis, e a paciente foi internada para antibioticoterapia endovenosa, e prednisona oral 40 mg/dia (0,5 mg/kg). Após 2 semanas, a paciente passou a apresentar melhora importante do quadro ocular com reabsorcão da exsudacão e melhora da acuidade visual. CONCLUSAO: A sífilis é doenca pleomórfica, podendo ter como manifestacão ocular uma uveíte difusa associada a descolamento de retina exsudativo bilateral. O envolvimento do sistema nervoso central deve sempre ser considerado e descartado, e o tratamento eficaz da doenca pode promover melhora da funcão visual e diminuir suas seqüelas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Chorioretinitis/complications , Neurosyphilis/complications , Retinal Detachment/etiology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Chorioretinitis/diagnosis , Chorioretinitis/drug therapy , Exudates and Transudates , Neurosyphilis/diagnosis , Neurosyphilis/drug therapy , Penicillins/therapeutic use , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Retinal Detachment/diagnosis , Retinal Detachment/drug therapy
14.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 47(3)May-June 2005. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-406297

ABSTRACT

Foram tratados 24 indivíduos com sífilis e infecção pelo HIV, de Março de 1997 a Janeiro de 2003, no ambulatório de Dermatologia Infecciosa do Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Foram 20 homens (83,3%) e quatro mulheres (16,7%) com idade média de 38,04 anos e contagem média de linfócitos T CD4 de 389,5 céls/mm3. A sífilis foi classificada como secundária em 16 pacientes (62,5%), latente tardia em oito (33,3%) e terciária em uma paciente (4,2%). As manifestações de sífilis secundária foram de lesões cutâneas eritematopapulosas em regiões palmar e plantar em nove (37,5%), exantema papuloso em quatro (16,7%), alopecia em clareira em três (12,5%) e osteocondrite em um paciente (4,2%). A sífilis terciária apresentou-se como lesão verrucosa. Cinco pacientes (20,8%) apresentavam neurossífilis, sendo a cefaléia a única manifestação presente em dois pacientes. As drogas utilizadas foram penicilina benzatina, ceftriaxone, eritromicina e penicilina. A cura ocorreu em 18 pacientes (75%). Seis pacientes (25%) foram retratados, sendo que três apresentavam história de re-exposição. Este estudo confirmou a importância de se estabelecer o diagnóstico de neurossífilis em pacientes com infecção pelo HIV, assim como de se realizar seguimento clínico e laboratorial após o tratamento da sífilis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , HIV Infections/complications , Syphilis/complications , Follow-Up Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Neurosyphilis/complications , Neurosyphilis/diagnosis , Neurosyphilis/drug therapy , Risk Factors , Syphilis/diagnosis , Syphilis/drug therapy
15.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 58(2B): 578-82, jun. 2000. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-264464

ABSTRACT

Demência é uma das manifestações da sífilis tardia e caracteriza-se por deterioração cognitiva e alteração do comportamento. Descrevemos um paciente com declínio cognitivo, alterações na personalidade, hiperatividade, alucinações, delírios, diminuição da capacidade de julgamento, perda da memória recente e sinal pupilar de Argyll Robertson devido a neurosífilis. O Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) foi 16. O líquido cefalorraquideano (LCR) mostrava 82 mg/dl de proteínas, 128 células/mm3 (98 por cento mononucleares), VDRL 1:4 e hemaglutinação indireta para T. pallidum 1:2560. A ressonância magnética não mostrou alteração do encéfalo, mas o SPECT mostrou hipocaptação fronto-temporal à esquerda. O paciente apresentou melhora significativa após tratamento com penicilina endovenosa. O MEEM realizado 3 meses após o tratamento foi 22. Nova punção lombar mostrou normalização do LCR. Neurossífilis deve fazer parte do diagnóstico diferencial de todo paciente que se apresenta com deterioração cognitiva e alteração do comportamento. O Mini Exame do Estado Mental é útil na detecção das alterações cognitivas, permitindo quantificar a evolução e a resposta ao tratamento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Dementia/etiology , Neurosyphilis/complications , Behavior , Brain , Cognition , Dementia/diagnosis , Dementia/drug therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Follow-Up Studies , Neurosyphilis/diagnosis , Neurosyphilis/drug therapy , Penicillins/therapeutic use , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
16.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 57(2A): 311-6, jun. 1999. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-234470

ABSTRACT

Relatamos um caso de obstrução bilateral na origem das artérias carótidas internas, apresentando como sinais/sintomas associados hemiparesia e hipoestesia superficial e profunda à direita, associada a sífilis meningovascular em paciente com SIDA. Tomografia de crânio apresentou pequenas lesões hipodensas, com predomínio à esquerda, e arteriografia evidenciou oclusão bilateral das artérias carótidas. A associação entre lues e SIDA não é infrequente, porém o quadro oligossintomático do paciente, provavelmente devido a oclusão arterial lenta e gradual chama a atenção.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Arterial Occlusive Diseases/complications , Carotid Artery Diseases/complications , Neurosyphilis/complications , Arterial Occlusive Diseases/pathology , Carotid Artery Diseases/pathology , Carotid Artery, Internal , Carotid Artery, Internal/pathology , Skull , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
18.
In. Machado, Luís dos ramos; Livramento, José Antonio; Netto, Antonio Spina-França; Nóbrega, José Paulo Smith. Neuroinfecçäo 96. Säo Paulo, Clínica Neurológica HC/FMUSP, 1996. p.275-283.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-179863
19.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 53(3,pt.A): 494-7, set. 1995.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-155517

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo é baseado na observaçäo de um caso de neurossífilis no serviço de internaçäo da Clínica Olivé Leite em agosto-1992. A paciente, do sexo feminino e com 31 anos de idade, foi admitida por apresentar quadro de psicose orgânica no qual predominavam sintomas de tipo deterioraçäo cognitiva (síndrome demencial), associados a elementos paranóides (alucinaçöes e delírios). A investigaçäo diagnóstica evidenciou testes imunológicos positivos para sífilis no sangue e no LCR. Destaca-se este caso pelos seguintes aspectos peculiares: forma da apresentaçäo clínica, gravidade dos sintomas (amaurose e severo déficit cognitivo), sexo, idade e por ser este o primeiro caso diagnosticado no serviço desde 1968 (data do último registro de caso de neurossífilis no seu Banco de Dados). Após penicilinoterapia e seguimento de 9 meses, a paciente apresenta algumas melhoras, caracterizadas por: diminuiçäo da sintomatologia produtiva de tipo alucinatória e delirante, diminuiçäo do déficit cognitivo em termos de orientaçäo e maior produtividade nas atividades sociais e comportamentais


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Neurosyphilis/diagnosis , Cognition Disorders/drug therapy , Cognition Disorders/etiology , Neurocognitive Disorders/drug therapy , Neurocognitive Disorders/etiology , Neurosyphilis/complications , Neurosyphilis/drug therapy , Penicillins/therapeutic use
20.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 122(12): 1393-7, dic. 1994. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-144177

ABSTRACT

HIV infected population has a higher incidence of syphilis, being this an independent risk factor for HIV infection. We report 88 HIV infected patients seen during the last three years. Fourteen (16 percent) had reactive serum VDRL and FTA-ABS and neurosyphilis was diagnosed in six (6,8 percent). Three had a treponemal uveitis-retinitis, one a meningovascular syphilis and one a secondary syphilis with meningeal and otological involvement. Patients were treated with penicillin 20 million UI/day for 14 days with good clinical and laboratory response and CFS normalization in those subjected to a second lumbar puncture. It is concluded that neurosyphilis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of neurological complications of HIV infections


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , HIV Infections/complications , Neurosyphilis/complications , Penicillins/administration & dosage , Homosexuality , Risk Factors , Cerebrospinal Fluid/microbiology , Neurologic Manifestations , Neurosyphilis/cerebrospinal fluid , Neurosyphilis/drug therapy
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